Audai Al Smadi is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Hospital Management at Philadelphia University. His research interests are job satisfaction, job performance, Islamic work ethics, healthcare quality, factor analysis (EFA, CFA), and workplace violence in Jordan's healthcare sector. He received his Master's in health services management from Yarmouk University, Jordan, and his Bachelor's in advanced paramedic from Prince Hussein bin Abdullah II for Civil Protection Academy. He also has seven years of experience in humanitarian response and international nonprofit organizations.