patient develops urinary retention after an abdominal surgery. Urinary obstruction was ruled out in this patient. Which strategy would be helpful in promoting urination?
- A) Activating nicotinic receptors
- B) Inhibiting the release of acetylcholine
- C) Inhibiting cholinesterase enzyme
- D) Blocking muscarinic receptors
Atropa belladonna is a plant that contains atropine (a muscarinic antagonist). Which of the following drugs or classes of drugs will be most useful in treating poisoning with belladonna?
- A) Malathion
- B) Physostigmine
- C) Muscarinic antagonists
- D) Nicotinic antagonists
Botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine from cholinergic nerve terminals. Which is a possible effect of botulinum toxin?
- A) Skeletal muscle paralysis
- B) Improvement of myasthenia gravis symptoms
- C) salivation
- D) Reduced heart rate
Which of the following adrenergic agonists is commonly present in nasal sprays available over-the-counter (OTC) to treat nasal congestion?
- A) Clonidine
- B) Albuterol
- C) Oxymetazoline
D) Formoterol
A patient who has hypertension and mild asthma attacks bought a herbal remedy for asthma online. He does not take any prescription medications for asthma, but takes a β1-selective blocker for hypertension. The herbal remedy relieves the asthma attacks, but his blood pressure seems to increase despite the β-blocker therapy. Which of the following drugs is most likely present in the herbal remedy?
- A) Phenylephrine
- B) Norepinephrine
- C) Ephedrine
- D) Salmeterol