Research Title: Eccentricity effect on heat transfer in an annular square filled with saturated porous medium

Author: Munzer Ebaid, Published Year: 2016

Journal of Porous Media, 20

Faculty: Engineering and Technology

Abstract: In this current work eccentricity effect on heat transfer in an annular square filled with saturated porous medium has been investigated. Numerical solution based on Galerkin finite element was found for three different considered cases; (1) positive and negative diagonal eccentricity , (2) positive and negative horizontal eccentricity , and (3) positive and negative vertical eccentricity . In this study, the outer walls of the annuli were kept isothermally at hot temperature while the inner walls were kept isothermally at cold temperature . The analysis is carried out to find the influence of eccentricity for three selected none dimensional values on Rayleigh number , without and with the effect of radiation , and for different width ratios , respectively. Numerical results of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics inside the porous medium for the three cases considered show that the increase of eccentricity and radiation increase the heat transfer in the direction of eccentricity, and decrease the maximum positive and negative fluid stream functions . Also, the numerical results reveal that for any selected value of width ratio , Rayleigh number ( ) has no effect on average Nusselt number for all values of eccentricity. However, eccentricity effect on start to appear at eccentricity values larger than . However, small effect on is noticed at low values of width ratios , and large increase on at . It was observed that for, , was higher for diagonal eccentricity compared with the horizontal and vertical cases. Furthermore, results of the average Nusselt number of each outer wall show an increase as eccentricity increases, in particular, at higher values of width ratios . However, large increase was noticed for the right and left outer walls for the diagonal and horizontal eccentricity cases while top and bottom outer walls for the vertical case.

Keywords: annular square; porous medium; heat transfer; Nusselt number; Rayleigh number

Research Title: Design of a single stage centrifugal compressor for power generation

Author: Munzer Ebaid, Published Year: 2017

American Journal of Aerospace Engineering , 4

Faculty: Engineering and Technology

Abstract: In this current work, the design of a single stage centrifugal compressor as part of a complete small gas turbine for electrical power generation of 60kW power output is presented. The choice of a radial impeller was considered and the design was based on using a non-linear optimisation code to determine the geometric dimensions of the impeller. Also, the optimum axial length and the flow passage of the impeller were found based on prescribed mean stream velocity. The proposed code was verified and showed quite good agreement with the published data in the open literature. The design of a vaneless diffuser and a volute were considered based on satisfying the governing equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy conservation simultaneously. Results showed good agreement with the CFD analysis found in the open literature. This work was motivated by the growing interest in micro-gas turbines for electrical power generation, transport and other applications.

Keywords: Centrifugal compressor, Vaneless diffuser, Impeller, Mean stream velocity, Optimization

Research Title: A New Approach of Gas Turbine Component Matching for Electrical Power Generation

Author: Munzer Ebaid, Published Year: 2017

international Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 5

Faculty: Engineering and Technology

Abstract: Gas turbines are often required to operate at different power levels and under varying environmental conditions. But by the nature of the thermodynamic processes in the engine, it is not possible to obtain the same level of efficiency within the entire range of operation. Therefore, depending on the particular application, for example for power generation, the rotational speed would be constant and dictated by the electrical generating machine. Gas turbine engine consists of various components which are linked together in such a way that there exists a mechanical and thermodynamic interdependence among some components. This means that some operational compatibility (matching) between components will be required for a steady state or equilibrium operation. The steady state of gas turbine engine for power generation can be achieved by the matching of its compressor and turbine. The usual approach of matching the compressor and the turbine is usually based on using an iterative procedure to determine the turbine operating points which are then plotted on the compressor characteristics. The draw back of this process is being laborious and time consuming. The new approach developed overcomes this by superimposing the turbine performance characteristics on the compressor performance characteristics while meeting the components matching conditions. This can be done by introducing a new mass flow dimensionless parameter. Superimposing the turbine map on the compressor map cannot be totally accepted until both maps axes (the abscissa and the ordinate) are identical. This paper explains the new approach adopted to a single shaft gas turbine engine. Theoretically, the developed techniques can be applied to other gas turbine engines.

Keywords: gas turbine off-design, gas turbine performance, component matching.

Research Title: Experimental Investigation of cooling Photovoltaic (PV) Panels Using (TiO2) Nanofluid in Water -Polyethylene Glycol Mixture and (Al2O3) Nanofluid in Water- Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Mixture

Author: Munzer Ebaid, Published Year: 2018

Energy Conversion and Management, 155

Faculty: Engineering and Technology

Abstract: Cooling of photovoltaic (PV) panels was investigated experimentally outdoors using two nanofluids and water as a cooling medium for volume flow rate ranging from 500-5000 at concentrations (0.01%wt, 0.05%wt, and 0.1% wt) under different radiation intensity. Two types of nanofluids were used, namely Al2O3 in water -polyethylene glycol mixture at pH 5.7, and TiO2 in water- cetyltrimethylammonium bromide mixture at pH 9.7, respectively. The cooling of PV panel required incorporating a heat exchanger of aluminium rectangular cross section at its back surface to accommodate different volume flow rate of the cooling medium aforementioned. The system was tested under climate conditions of Jerash-Jordan. Determination of flow characteristics; friction factor, and product of friction factor Reynolds number, of TiO2, Al2O3 nanofluids and water as a cooling medium were investigated. Also, a comparison of the temperature between the cooled PV cell and without cooling for volume flow rate ranging from 500-5000 was presented. Results showed that the nanofluid cooled PV cell in both types caused higher decrease in the average PV cell temperature compared with the cooled cell with water and without cooling. In addition, Al2O3 nanofluid showed better performance than TiO2 nanofluid. Furthermore, experimental results showed that higher concentration of nanofluid produces a better cooling effect of the PV cell for all the studied range of volume flow rate. Also, electrical analysis of power and efficiency showed that TiO2 nanofluid gives better performance for the studied range of volume flow rate and concentrations compared with water cooling and without cooling.

Keywords: Nanofluid (Al2O3–water), nanofluid (Ti O2–water), concentration, efficiency, power

Research Title: Design, Build, and Test a Hybrid Cooling System for Crash Helmet

Author: Munzer Ebaid, Published Year: 2019

Faculty: Engineering and Technology

Abstract: In this current work, a designed hybrid cooling system is proposed which combines a phase change material (PCM) aimed to absorb the excess heat from the user’s head and thermoelectric technology (TEC) amid to cool the PCM in order to compensate the cold temperature lost when cooling the users head. This combination solved a major problem found in previous research studies, the limited usage time for the PCM pouch. The simulation in stand-still condition predicted a heatsink temperature of about 80°C and a cooling temperature for the head around 24°C. For moving conditions, the heat sink temperature reached 50°C and the cooling temperature for the head reached 24°C. The simulation showed the need of cooling the heat sink to obtain maximum performance. Experimentally, the system has been built and it was guided by the predictions, and tested with an infrared (IR) camera. Testing outcomes showed good results and no overheating in any part of the system by recording a temperature of 25°C for the heat sink in stand-still condition and 19.5°C in moving conditions as designed. Therefore, it can be concluded that the designed system has worked successfully and improves the comfortability while wearing a crash helmet.

Keywords: Phase change material, Peltier module, crash helmet, heat sink, hybrid system

Research Title: Thermal Performance of Building Attached Sunspace In Jordan Climate

Author: Nadia Fayez Badarneh, Published Year: 2010

, Nuclear & Renewable Energy Conference (Inrec), 2010, pp: 1 - 6,

Faculty: Engineering and Technology

Abstract: The thermal performance of a sunspace attached to a living room located in Amman-Jordan has been investigated. Six configurations that differ by the ratio of glazed surface area to opaque surfaces area are studied. A novel configuration that utilizes an inclined front surface is thermally investigated. The effect of orientation of the sunspace, opaque wall and floor absorption coefficients and number of glass layers on the thermal performance is evaluated. Results show that the sunspace reduces the heating load during the winter, while it creates a serious overheating problem during summer. The contribution of reducing heating requirements increases with increasing the ratio of glazed surface to opaque surface area. Also, the optimal contribution was obtained when the sunspace was oriented to the south. Two passive cooling techniques are proposed and evaluated to overcome the summer overheating problem. Additionally, a passive heating technique is proposed to minimize the thermal losses during winter nights. Internal shading and night ventilation successfully minimize the overheating problem. Employing the three passive techniques with sunspace, results show that as high as 42% reductions in annual heating and cooling load can be achieved. Utilizing an inclined front surface with double layer of glass can further reduce heating and cooling load requirements.

Keywords: Green Building-Solar Energy-Passive Heating and Cooling Techniques-Thermal Performance

Research Title: Management accounting practices’ adoption in UK universities

Author: Zaidoon abed Alhatabat, Published Year: 2019

Journal of Further and Higher Education,

Faculty: Business

Abstract: The aim of this empirical study was to explore the extent and the determinants of management accounting practices’ (MAPs) adoption in UK universities. In this vein, the current study serves as a ‘stock-take’, first reference study for future studies investigating the effects and impact of HE funding changes on accounting systems and practices in universities. In order to contribute to understanding the determinants of MAPs’ adoption in the UK HE sector, a theoretical framework consisting of contingency theory, institutional theory and particular organisational attributes was adopted. A questionnaire survey was distributed to all 125 UK universities, of which eventually fifty-nine fully completed questionnaires, which represents 47% of all UK universities, were collected. Almost all institutions have implemented MAPs relating to cost determination and financial control, and information for management planning and control. The regression analysis concludes in a final model, which includes only seven of the initial twenty-nine variables. Prospector strategy orientation, innovative culture, trialability, mimetic and normative institutional factors and type of university are determined as the predictors of enhanced MAPs in UK universities. The findings of the current study are useful for consideration when looking into adopting new management accounting practices at Higher Education institutions.

Keywords: Contingency theory, new institutional sociology, management accounting practices, UK higher education, attributes

Research Title: Educating digital natives for the future: accounting educators’ evaluation of the accounting curriculum

Author: Zaidoon abed Alhatabat, Published Year: 2018

Accounting Education, 27

Faculty: Business

Abstract: The global digital revolution has irrevocably transformed societies and industries. The accounting profession is predicted to experience a significant change in the future, due to technological developments. Practices will be automated and related positions obsolete, thus accounting graduates need to be educated for new and different tasks and positions. The current study focussed on these expected changes and how accounting profession, practice and, consequently, education will be affected and adjusted to these new technologies in an evaluation approach. A qualitative methodology was employed, investigating accounting educators’ perceptions of these developments. Semi-structured interview data and online accessible empirical data, such as podcasts, were analysed in two coding cycles. The findings illustrate that while significant changes are expected, participants’ opinions vary regarding the necessity of adjusting the accounting curriculum. Supportive changes include amending respective courses to emphasise classic skills, such as problem-solving, and contemporary skills, such as new technologies, to illustrate developments practically.

Keywords: Accounting education, new technology, future of accounting profession, developmental evaluation, digital natives: Gen X and Gen Z

Research Title: Local Community Perception for the Role of Tourist Guides in Tourism Development

Author: Rabia Hani Amin Haddad, Published Year: 2008

Jordan Journal of Social Sciences,, 1

Faculty: Nursing

Abstract: This study mainly aimed at understanding the nature and development of tourism guidance profession in the Kingdom throughout the past years, and analyzing the perception of local community, particularly souvenir shops, toward tourist guides. A questionnaire was used as a research tool in this exploratory study. It includes 37 statements using Likert 5- point scale to help understand the perception of local communities regarding the different aspects related to the role of the Jordanian tourist guides at six tourist attractions in the three touristic regions in the Kingdom. The study concluded that local communities see that the tourist guide represents a model for the tourists whom he/she escorts, and that his duty requires that he promotes and enhances the image of Jordan as a tourist destination. It was also found that local communities negatively perceive the role of the tourist guide in general. This negative perception escalates with the concentration of souvenir shops in restricted areas and the increasing competition among these souvenir shops, in addition to the nature of the tour. Tourism program might be limited and involve a limited visit for few hours, and less propensity to overnight stay at the site. This trend is also enhanced in the case of guided-package tours. No differences of statistical significance were found between the six tourist attractions regarding their perception of tourist guides. It is recommended that we bridge the perception gap between the local community and tourist guides because of its potential negative impact on the tourism business. In this respect, the tourist guide is expected to play the major role in improving his image in the eyes of the local communities through the positive and constructive behavior, and the increasing attention paid in developing local communities and enhancing the host- guest relation. Here, also comes the vital role of the JTGA through promoting the profession and keeping up the interests of its members through specialized and periodical workshops and meetings with the other tourist activities. Governmental authorities need to play an active role in licensing and monitoring the tourist guides activities, and in upgrading and updating the tourism legislation related to tour guiding. JSTA and JITOA and other concerned institutions need also to review the tourist programs to involve sufficient free time and shopping hours at the different tourist attractions. This could enhance the relation between local communities and tourists, and promote the image and perception toward tourist guides.

Keywords: Jordan, Tourist Guide, Perception, Tourism, Local community

Research Title: Financial barriers facing female business owners in Jarash

Author: Rabia Hani Amin Haddad, Published Year: 2018

Conference of Entrepreneurship and sustainability in business sector , Philadephia University- Jordan

Faculty: Nursing

Abstract: Abstract Aim The aim of this research is to explore the main financial barriers facing female food business owners in developing their food business in Jarash. Methodology The research adopted a qualitative methodology, semi structured interviews were conducted with 8 female business owners who operate food businesses from the city of Jarash. Using qualitative methodology was essential to explore female food business owners experience from a deep view. The transcribed interviews were analysed using a common qualitative technique known as thematic analysis. Such technique was successful in illustrating themes, which emerged from the conducted interviews. The primary findings proved that these women face many financial barriers such as difficulties in acquiring loans from commercial, Islamic or Micro finance institutions due to reasons as hard regulations, trust issues, high interest rates, gender issues and socio-cultural factors. Implications The study is significant assumed the need of officials to understand the main barriers facing business women. It added new knowledge to the field of business owners which is - challenges faced in access to different sources of fund. Value The value of this paper resides in its context and sample that have not been explored previously. It increases knowledge about a marginalised segment (women business owners), in terms of fund and financing their businesses.

Keywords: Sociocultural impacts, Indigenous communities, Social Exchange Theory, Sustainability, Bedouins, Petra, Jordan.