Research Title: On the characterization of Harmonized fuzzy subgroups θ Open set

Author: Ghada Mohammad Al Afifi, Published Year: 2025

Faculty: Science

Abstract: In this paper, we continue to discuss the concept of harmonized fuzzy subgroups. We present the harmonized fuzzy coset and harmonized fuzzy normal subgroup and their properties. We also study the effect of group homomorphism on harmonized fuzzy subgroups. Finally, we define and study the cartesian product of two harmonized fuzzy subgroups.

Keywords: Harmonized fuzzy coset subgroup; Harmonized fuzzy normal subgroup; Group homomorphism

Research Title: Subgroups and Homomorphism Structures of Complex Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets

Author: Ghada Mohammad Al Afifi, Published Year: 2024

Faculty: Science

Abstract: This research introduces the notion of complex Pythagorean fuzzy subgroup (CPFSG). Both complex fuzzy subgroup (CFSG) and complex intuitionistic fuzzy subgroup (CIFSG) have significance in assigning membership grades in the unit disk in the complex plane. CFSG has a limitation solved by CIFSG, while CIFSG deals with a limited range of values. The important novelty of the CPFSG lies in its ability to solve the above limitations simultaneously and gets a wider range of values to be engaged in CPFSG. This work has introduced and investigated CPFSG as a new algebraic structure via the conditions that the sum of the square membership and non-membership lies on the unit interval for both the amplitude term and phase term. The result as any CIFSG is CPFSG but the convers is not true has been proved. Complex Pythagorean fuzzy coset has been defined and complex Pythagorean fuzzy normal subgroup (CPFNSG) and their algebraic characteristic has been demonstrated. Homomorphism on the CPFSG is shown. Some results as the inverse image of CPFSG and CPFNSG under isomorphism function are also a CPFSG and CPFNSG, respectively.

Keywords: Complex Pythagorean fuzzy subgroup, complex Pythagorean fuzzy coset, complex Pythagorean fuzzy normal subgroup, Fuzzy subgroups, complex fuzzy subgroups, Intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups, Complex Intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups. Pythagorean fuzzy subgroups, Pythagorean fuzzy Normal subgroup, homomorphism of Pythagorean fuzzy subgroup

Research Title: Freezing Sets Invariant-based Characteristics of Digital Images

Author: Ghada Mohammad Al Afifi, Published Year: 2023

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on MATHEMATICS, 22

Faculty: Science

Abstract: Due to the widespread use of digital images of real-world objects as mathematical models, this research examines the freezing sets invariant-base properties of digital images. In contrast to earlier studies that only covered a discrete or limited collection of points, fixed points of digitally continuous functions are approved to deal with a variety of characteristics of digital images.

Keywords: Digital image, Freezing sets, Boundary, Irreducible

Research Title: Another n-Dimensional Generalization of Pompeiu’s Theorem

Author: Ghada Mohammad Al Afifi, Published Year: 2018

The American Mathematical Monthly, 125

Faculty: Science

Abstract: A theorem of D. Pompeiu states that the distances from the vertices of an equilateral triangle to any point in its plane can serve as the side lengths of a triangle. In this paper, it is proved that the distances from the vertices of a regular tetrahedron to any point in its affine hull can serve as the areas of the faces of a tetrahedron. The analogous statement for higher-dimensional regular simplices is also established, and several questions are posed for further investigation.

Keywords: Pompeiu’s theorem

Research Title: Pompeiu-like theorems for the medians of a simplex

Author: Ghada Mohammad Al Afifi, Published Year: 2018

Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, 21(2)

Faculty: Science

Abstract: A theorem of Pompeiu states that the distances from the vertices of an equilateral triangle to an arbitrary point in its plane can serve as the side lengths of a triangle. A similar theorem holds for the medians of any triangle. Generalizations to higher dimensions of Pompeiu’s theorem are established by M. Fiedler in (Casopis pro pestovánı matematiky 102, 370–381, 1977) and by Gh. Afifi et al in (Amer. Math. Monthly (to appear), 2018). This paper is concerned with similar possible higher dimensional theorems for the the medians

Keywords: content; facet; generalized medians; simplex; isody namic simplex; medians; Pompeiu’s theorem

Research Title: More on complex hesitant fuzzy graphs

Author: Ghada Mohammad Al Afifi, Published Year: 2023

AIMS Mathematics, , 8(12)

Faculty: Science

Abstract: Correctly determining a company’s market worth during an entire year or a certain period presents a difficulty to decision-makers. In the case of the merger of companies, the need performs heavier when both the companies’ owners are attracted to establishing a fair price at the optimal time to merge. The effectiveness of representing, connecting and manipulating both uncertainty and periodicity information becomes highly required. Hence, study and enhance some properties and conditions of the algebraic structure of complex hesitant fuzzy graphs. Therefore, the degree of composition between two complex hesitant fuzzy graphs is proposed. Also, the formal definitions of union, joint and complement are presented to be covered in the realm of complex hesitant fuzzy graphs. A real-life application is illustrated to show the relation between vertices and edges in the form of complex hesitant fuzzy graphs.

Keywords: complex hesitant fuzzy graph; composition of two complex hesitant fuzzy graphs; union of two complex hesitant fuzzy graphs; joint of two complex hesitant fuzzy graphs; complement of complex hesitant fuzzy graph

Research Title: Artificial Intelligence-Based Classification and Prediction of Academic and Psychological Challenges in Higher Education

Author: Mohammad Atallah Al-Oudat, Published Year: 2025

EDUPIJ | Educational Process: International Journal, Volume 15 (2025)

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Background/purpose. University students in Jordan face numerous challenges that affect their lifestyle on campus and academic performance. The most common challenges can be summarized into two important categories: psychological and academic factors. Psychological factors, such as anxiety levels and daily sleep duration, and academic factors such as GPA and study hours, it is worth mentioning that these phenomena may have related influences on each other and along with such interactions may heighten negative effects. Furthermore, there is no solid research on the topic that can provide solutions to both dimensions in one study. This paper provides a novel analysis-based framework to help target students who face these challenges in the early stages to provide quality service and consultation. Materials/methods. The framework was developed based on a questionnaire that was built based on consultation of psychological and academic expertise to extract features that are related to the important factors. The questionnaire was distributed to 1020 students from several Jordanian universities. The evaluation of data collected through questionnaires included three major sections about demographic, academic, and psychological factors using the SPSS statistical analysis tool to ensure validity and reliability. After that, the Framework categorizes each student's challenges using the Large Language Model (LLM) into academic difficulties, academic and psychological challenges, psychological distress, and normal students. Finally, multiple classifiers are applied to obtain the status of the students. Results. The results show that the collected features from questionnaires work well with all classifiers with high accuracy. The contributions of this study include analyzing both academic and psychological factors and exploring their correlation through a case study conducted in Jordan. Also, using LLM for categorization along with classifiers provides an early intervention for students who suffer from academic, and psychological challenges or both. Conclusion. These findings suggest that early interventions targeting both academic and psychological factors are critical for improving student well-being and academic success, providing valuable insights for university support services.

Keywords: Academic and psychological difficulties, large language models (LLM), Jordanian higher education, machine learning algorithms, student well-being, academic performance

Research Title: Powered SQL education: Automating SQL/PLSQL question classification with LLMs and machine learning

Author: Mohammad Atallah Al-Oudat, Published Year: 2025

International Journal of Innovative Researchand Scientific Studies,8(2) 2025, pages: 1395-1407, 8(2)

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Mastering Structured Query Language/Procedural Language (SQL/PLSQL) is considered challenging for academic students and industrial professionals, showing a significant gap between academic preparation and industrial demands that leads both to seek solutions on Stack Overflow (SO). This research presents a novel automated framework to classify SQL/PLSQL questions and shed light on learning challenges. A new dataset was collected from SO posts, totaling 10,266 questions, and categorized into five categories—Data Definition Language (DDL), Data Manipulation Language (DML), Data Query Language (DQL), Data Control Language (DCL), and Transaction Control Language (TCL)—using the LLM GPT-4o-mini API, followed by preprocessing and applying Machine Learning (ML) techniques like Random Forest and XGBoost. Results show that Data Query Language (DQL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML) are the most challenging areas, with Random Forest and XGBoost producing the highest classification accuracy at 85.57% and 85.13%, respectively, while DDL and DCL appear less often. This research bridges the gap between academic and industrial requirements, concluding that AI-driven analysis identifies the real challenges, suggesting that the academic curriculum enhance hands-on problem-solving to meet industry needs.

Keywords: Curriculum enhancement, Database education, Database skills, Industry-academic gap, LLM, AI, SQL categorization, Stack Overflow

Research Title: Mental health law in Philippines: health policy issues governing mental health promotion among Filipino older adults with serious mental illnesses

Author: Muhmar Odeh Aldalaeen, Published Year: 2025

Mental Health and Social Inclusion, ISSN: 2042-8308

Faculty: Nursing

Abstract: Abstract Purpose This study aims to discuss the mental health in the Philippines and the existing laws and health policies governing mental health care among Filipino older adults with serious mental illnesses. Design/methodology/approach The study used health policy research to understand the issues and gaps in the Philippine mental health-care system among older adults. The study used deductive methods (based on testing specific hypotheses) and inductive methods of inquiry (based on the formation of general inferences), which are necessary but insufficient for theory development without retroductive reasoning. The researcher believes that critical realism provides a philosophically grounded theoretical framework that can be used to underpin research into causal mechanisms such as in health policy analysis. Findings Mental health is integral to holistic health. The commitment to improve mental health services is highlighted in the recent legislative actions of policymakers. Mental health professionals and experts suggest that failure to address mental health and psycho-social problems in a population will hinder attempts to increase social capital, promote human development and reduce poverty. Originality/value A disregard for mental health is still apparent. The norm in the Philippines continues to include a chronic shortage of mental health professionals, an inadequate number of mental health facilities and hospitals, a lack of accessible and equitable mental health-care services and treatment, especially for marginalized sectors, and stigma, discrimination and social exclusion against people with mental health conditions are still very widespread. Some people refuse even to get help and treatment for their mental disorders not because of the high cost of treatment but because of the stigma attached to mental disorders.

Keywords: health policy health promotion mental health older adult

Research Title: Determinants of Disaster Competencies Among Jordanian Nurses in Public Hospitals

Author: Muhmar Odeh Aldalaeen, Published Year: 2024

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Faculty: Nursing

Abstract: Abstract Introduction In the last decade, disasters increased by 60% worldwide. These occurrences have resulted in approximately two million deaths and 4.2 million injuries and left 33 million people homeless. Nurses are part of the front-line response team and should be critical during disasters. For nurses to respond competently, they must have the knowledge and skills to provide comprehensive and holistic care to the populations affected by disasters. Objectives This study aims to assess the level of competencies among nurses providing disaster care and identify their predictors. Method A descriptive correlation design was utilized to measure and predict nursing competencies in providing care to individuals amid disasters. An electronic form of disaster response competencies assessment survey was distributed to 400 nurses working at three public hospitals in the central region of Jordan. Results Jordanian nurses reported a moderate level of competencies in providing care for individuals. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis revealed that disaster training, disaster education, sex, and real disaster experience significantly predict nurses’ competencies. Conclusion With the increasing frequency of disasters, nurses should be adequately prepared to respond to disasters competently to relieve the negative consequences of these events on the affected individuals.

Keywords: Disaster Competencies disaster