Research Title: Powered SQL education: Automating SQL/PLSQL question classification with LLMs and machine learning

Author: Mohammad Atallah Al-Oudat, Published Year: 2025

International Journal of Innovative Researchand Scientific Studies,8(2) 2025, pages: 1395-1407, 8(2)

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Mastering Structured Query Language/Procedural Language (SQL/PLSQL) is considered challenging for academic students and industrial professionals, showing a significant gap between academic preparation and industrial demands that leads both to seek solutions on Stack Overflow (SO). This research presents a novel automated framework to classify SQL/PLSQL questions and shed light on learning challenges. A new dataset was collected from SO posts, totaling 10,266 questions, and categorized into five categories—Data Definition Language (DDL), Data Manipulation Language (DML), Data Query Language (DQL), Data Control Language (DCL), and Transaction Control Language (TCL)—using the LLM GPT-4o-mini API, followed by preprocessing and applying Machine Learning (ML) techniques like Random Forest and XGBoost. Results show that Data Query Language (DQL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML) are the most challenging areas, with Random Forest and XGBoost producing the highest classification accuracy at 85.57% and 85.13%, respectively, while DDL and DCL appear less often. This research bridges the gap between academic and industrial requirements, concluding that AI-driven analysis identifies the real challenges, suggesting that the academic curriculum enhance hands-on problem-solving to meet industry needs.

Keywords: Curriculum enhancement, Database education, Database skills, Industry-academic gap, LLM, AI, SQL categorization, Stack Overflow

Research Title: Mental health law in Philippines: health policy issues governing mental health promotion among Filipino older adults with serious mental illnesses

Author: Muhmar Odeh Aldalaeen, Published Year: 2025

Mental Health and Social Inclusion, ISSN: 2042-8308

Faculty: Nursing

Abstract: Abstract Purpose This study aims to discuss the mental health in the Philippines and the existing laws and health policies governing mental health care among Filipino older adults with serious mental illnesses. Design/methodology/approach The study used health policy research to understand the issues and gaps in the Philippine mental health-care system among older adults. The study used deductive methods (based on testing specific hypotheses) and inductive methods of inquiry (based on the formation of general inferences), which are necessary but insufficient for theory development without retroductive reasoning. The researcher believes that critical realism provides a philosophically grounded theoretical framework that can be used to underpin research into causal mechanisms such as in health policy analysis. Findings Mental health is integral to holistic health. The commitment to improve mental health services is highlighted in the recent legislative actions of policymakers. Mental health professionals and experts suggest that failure to address mental health and psycho-social problems in a population will hinder attempts to increase social capital, promote human development and reduce poverty. Originality/value A disregard for mental health is still apparent. The norm in the Philippines continues to include a chronic shortage of mental health professionals, an inadequate number of mental health facilities and hospitals, a lack of accessible and equitable mental health-care services and treatment, especially for marginalized sectors, and stigma, discrimination and social exclusion against people with mental health conditions are still very widespread. Some people refuse even to get help and treatment for their mental disorders not because of the high cost of treatment but because of the stigma attached to mental disorders.

Keywords: health policy health promotion mental health older adult

Research Title: Determinants of Disaster Competencies Among Jordanian Nurses in Public Hospitals

Author: Muhmar Odeh Aldalaeen, Published Year: 2024

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Faculty: Nursing

Abstract: Abstract Introduction In the last decade, disasters increased by 60% worldwide. These occurrences have resulted in approximately two million deaths and 4.2 million injuries and left 33 million people homeless. Nurses are part of the front-line response team and should be critical during disasters. For nurses to respond competently, they must have the knowledge and skills to provide comprehensive and holistic care to the populations affected by disasters. Objectives This study aims to assess the level of competencies among nurses providing disaster care and identify their predictors. Method A descriptive correlation design was utilized to measure and predict nursing competencies in providing care to individuals amid disasters. An electronic form of disaster response competencies assessment survey was distributed to 400 nurses working at three public hospitals in the central region of Jordan. Results Jordanian nurses reported a moderate level of competencies in providing care for individuals. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis revealed that disaster training, disaster education, sex, and real disaster experience significantly predict nurses’ competencies. Conclusion With the increasing frequency of disasters, nurses should be adequately prepared to respond to disasters competently to relieve the negative consequences of these events on the affected individuals.

Keywords: Disaster Competencies disaster

Research Title: Impact of associated factors and adherence to Mediterranean diet on insomnia among Arab men living in Jordan

Author: Ghadeer Abdel Razzaq Othman, Published Year: 2024

scientific reports, 14

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: The detrimental health and economic burdens associated with insomnia have led to investigations examining its prevalence and potential predictors to utilize this information in insomnia prevention/ treatment. Ethnicity, gender, and lifestyle habits are among the important predictors associated with insomnia. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of insomnia and potential predictors of insomnia among Arab men living in Jordan, including Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence. The inclusion criteria of this cross-sectional, correlational study were: (1) being a male; (2) aged 18 and older; and (3) able to read, write, and speak the Arabic language. Online questionnaires were used to assess participants’ sociodemographic information, adherence to the MD, physical activity, and insomnia. Results demonstrated that there was a high prevalence of insomnia (53.9%) among the study’s participants (N=529). Moreover, in the unadjusted model, the study revealed that being unemployed (OR = 1.90, p = 0.018), categorized as dehydrated (OR = 1.20, p = 0.020), overweight (OR = 1.30, p = 0.035), sleeping less than 6 hours/day (OR = 2.10, p < 0.001), and having high adherence to the MD (OR = 1.60, p = 0.010) were predictors of insomnia. Meanwhile, the adjusted multivariate logistic regression model indicated that being married (OR = 1.20, p = 0.020) played a significant protective role against developing insomnia among Arab men. While high adherence to MD (OR = 1.642, p = 0.028) and sleeping less than 6 hours/day (OR = 2.760, p < 0.001) were relative risk factors for experiencing insomnia. The high prevalence of insomnia in this population and the identification of possible predictors associated with insomnia, and the unexpected relationship between adherence to the MD and insomnia warrant further in-depth investigations that may help promote the understanding of the factors associated with insomnia and facilitate the development of interventions to target it.

Keywords: Associated Factors, Mediterranean Diet (MD), Insomnia, Arab Men, Jordan

Research Title: Impact of Parental Support During Health Behavior Classes on Primary School Students' Awareness of Obesity

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2023

Journal for Re Attach Therapy and Developmental Diversities, 6 (9s)

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Introduction: One of the most common disorders worldwide among school-age children is obesity. This paper aims to examine the impact of parent support during health behavior classes on the awareness level of obesity among Primary School students. Methods: A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was conducted among 90 obese students. Students were divided into two groups with 45 students in each based on their BMI. A pretest was conducted on both groups by distributing the SPAN scale to both groups. After that, nursing interventions for three months included health behavior classes for both groups (group one with parent support & group two without parent support). Results: The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in mean scores of, posttest and delayed posttest, (t (88) = 6.428, t (88) = 4.127, t (88) = 4.317, p = .001), respectively. The first group achieved a mean score of pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test of 45.66 (6.618); 51.45 (7.514); and 43.78 (5.678), respectively. The 2nd group achieved a mean score of pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test 44.78.14 (6.515); 85.45 (8.54); and 86.44 (8.65), respectively. Conclusion: Parent support during health behavior classes is effective in increasing awareness among obese students.

Keywords: Jordan; Obesity; Health behavior; Students; Awareness; Parent; Support

Research Title: Impact of Processing and Preservation Methods and Storage on Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activities of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2023

Foods, 12

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Very few studies have thus far evaluated the impact of various processing and preservation techniques (blanching, frying, freezing, dehydration, and sun drying) on the levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of okra. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different processing and preservation methods on the levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of okra. The ethanolic extracts of each sample were analyzed before and after preservation and storage for a period of three months. The results showed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in total phenolic content (134.1 mg GAE/100g) and DPPH (1-1-diphenyl1-2- pricrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (IC50 value of 3.0 mg/mL) in blanched okra when compared to fresh okra (86.35 mg GAE/100g and IC50 value of 3.8 mg/mL, respectively). Fresh okra exhibited the highest flavonoid content (105.75 mg QE/100g), while sun-dried okra samples stored for three months exhibited a decrease in total phenolic content (14.45 mg GAE/100g), total flavonoid contents (13.25 mg QE/100g), reducing power activity (23.30%), and DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 value of 134.8 mg/mL). The DPPH inhibition activities of all okra treatments showed a significant and positive correlation with the okra phenolic and flavonoid content (r = 0.702 and 0.67, respectively). The reducing power activity (%) of okra treatments exhibited a strong correlation (r) with phenolic contents (r = 0.966), and the correlation with flavonoid contents was 0.459. Generally, different processing and preservation methods of okra revealed that the impact on total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as antioxidant activities, was slightly significant among samples preserved using the same method during storage. In addition, blanched and frozen okra resulted in the highest retention of phenolic contents and antioxidant activities.

Keywords: okra; phenolic; DPPH; preservation; antioxidant activity

Research Title: Influence of Six Weeks Eye Exercise Program on the Severity of Digital Eye Strain Among Primary School Students

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2023

Innovations, 74

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Problem: Literature suggest that treatment of digital eye strain (DES) prescribed by health professionals is not highly effective in reducing the symptoms of it. This demands an additional management to be prescribed along with the current treatment for DES. Exercise is one of the potential emerging additional strategies in the conservative management of DES. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the influence of eye exercise (EE)among primary school students with DES. Methodology: A Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q) score of 6 was used to identify the subjects with DES, followed by ophthalmologist examination. Then, the subjects were allocated into two groups. Group A (n = 15) received conventional therapy (CT) (artificial tears and the 20-20-20 rule) and EE (pencil push-ups, eye-rolling, and palming). Group B (n = 11) received CT. Both groups underwent treatment for a period of six weeks. Before and after treatment, CVS-Q was administered to all participants. Treatment outcome was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Findings: The results revealedtatistical significance within group A (p = 0.001), and across groups (p = 0.006), and statistical non-significant within group B (p = 0.104).These results suggest that exercise is beneficial in lessening the severity of DES among school students. Conclusion: The EE may be prescribed along with the CT to reduce the severity of DES among primary school students.

Keywords: Digital eye strain, eye exercise, computer vision syndrome, primary school students, severity of eye strain

Research Title: Advocacy Brief: understanding the role of nutrition for individuals living with genetic disorders

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2024

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Nutritionally-managed genetic disorders encompass a wide range of conditions in which dietary interventions play a critical role in managing or mitigating the effects of genetic abnormalities. These disorders range from inborn errors of metabolism, such as glutaric acidaemia, to inherited metabolic diseases and congenital disorders of glycosylation. They often involve autosomal genes and are typically inherited, being passed from one generation to the next. The acute symptoms of genetic disorders, such as intoxication, closely resemble those of other conditions like infections, birth traumas, respiratory issues, cardiac disorders, and endocrine problems, often leading to frequent misdiagnosis and severe outcomes, including death. Key organs affected include the liver, brain, heart, muscles and kidneys, which play critical roles in metabolism and energy regulation. Clinical symptoms, which often relate to the type and toxicity of accumulated metabolites or the absence of essential products, include poor feeding reflexes, vomiting, dehydration, abnormal muscle tone, seizures, neurological impairment, coma and even mortality. Proper management of genetic disorders involves adequate newborn screening, nutritional assessment, nutritional diagnosis, nutritional intervention and consequently nutritional monitoring and evaluation. This guide sheds light on the different categories of genetic disorders (urea cycle disorders (UCDs), organic acidaemias, carbohydrate disorders, amino-acid disorders and fatty acid-oxidation disorders), as well as their main characteristics, biochemical features and clinical symptoms, complications and medical nutrition therapy and management guidelines. The medical nutrition therapy of genetic disorders aims to address the deficiency or inactivity of enzymes by (1) limiting the amount of available substrate; (2) providing more of the end product; (3) supplementing additional enzymatic cofactors; (4) promoting the elimination of toxic metabolites; (5) relying on a combination of these approaches; (6) maintaining appropriate blood levels of pertinent indicators; (7) providing adequate energy and nutrients; (8) ensuring proper growth and development; and (9) treating infections and managing seizures if needed. This document is intended to serve as a resource for policy makers, physicians, healthcare practitioners, parents, family members and caregivers. It also emphasizes the need to have a comprehensive referral system and multidisciplinary care teams to better enhance the management of genetic disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region. This is not a World Health Organization (WHO) guideline but an updated review of various organizations guidelines in various countries as a desk review of the topic. A preliminary advocacy brief was prepared at the WHO Regional Office and circulated to the various experts from different countries for their feedback and consensus on the contents.

Keywords: nutrition , genetic disorders

Research Title: Effect of Additions of Humic and Fulvic Acids on Soil Properties and Germination Percentage of Cucurbit Plants (Zucchini and Cucumber)

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2024

Nature Environment and Pollution Technology An International Quarterly Scientific Journal, 23

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: This research was conducted to study the effect of adding humic and fulvic acids to the irrigation water on soil properties and germination percentage of two cucurbit plants: zucchini and cucumber. The study was conducted in an open field in Sokhna District in the governorate of Zarqa (Jordan). The field soil was transported to calcareous sandy soil. In the beginning, the weeds and stones were removed, and the land was smoothed and plowed. Effort was made to control weeds and insects at all stages of plant growth. Then, an irrigation network was installed. The fulvic acid-humic acid (FA-HA) biostimulant mixture was incorporated with the irrigation water, and irrigation was practiced three days per week for four weeks. During this period, every irrigation round lasted for two to three hours. A mixture of humic acid (8.0%) and fulvic acid (8.0%) was added to the irrigation water. Three treatments were considered, corresponding to three acid mixture concentrations: 0.50 mL.L-1, 1.00 mL.L-1, and 1.50 mL.L-1. The acid mixtures were added continuously at all stages of plant growth until plant maturity and harvest. Four replicates of the experiment were made. The plant growth variables of interest were germination percentage, number of leaves, date of fruition, size of fruit, and overall mass of fruits. Meanwhile, the soil parameters of interest were soil pH and soil salinity (electric conductivity (EC)) before and after adding the FA-HA mixture. The study found that the 0.5 mL.L-1 acid mixture treatment led to the early growth of the zucchini plant seeds and that fruition took place 12 days after planting. In addition, the results showed an increase in plant germination under the 0.5 mL.L-1 acid mixture treatment in light of the increase in the number of male and female plant flowers, with fruiting taking place on time. In conclusion, the relationship between zucchini growth and yield with FA-HA mixture concentration is non-linear. It is also concluded that the optimum acid mixture concentration and application rate are crop-specific. Hence, for each crop, the most appropriate acid mixture concentration should be determined first before the broad-scale application of amendments to the soil to ensure the contribution of this environmentally friendly practice to sustainable agriculture.

Keywords: Humic and Fulvic Acids, Soil, Germination, Cucurbit Plants , Zucchini, Cucumber

Research Title: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antidiabetic Activities of Different Extracts from Wild Olive Leaves Grown in United Arab Emirates

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2025

processes, 13

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) are a source of natural bioactive compounds with various health benefits and are often considered agricultural waste. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities of an infused aqueous extract and ultrasonic-assisted extracts (aqueous, methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane) from wild olive leaves grown in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The aqueous-infused extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (TPC; 91.9 mg GAE/g extract), the highest reducing power activity, the lowest IC50 value for diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition (97.3% and 81.1 μg/mL, respectively), and the highest α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities (77.1% and 83.3%, respectively). Meanwhile, the ultrasonic-assisted methanolic extract exhibited the highest total flavonoid content (31.2 mg RE/g extract) and significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities (61.8% and 77.2%, respectively). The antimicrobial activity of wild olive leaf extracts (WOLEs) at concentrations of 1, 2.5, and 5 mg, tested using the disc diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacterial strains, was weak or ineffective at the studied concentrations. The study concluded that WOLEs are high in total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, suggesting the potential use of WOLE in folk medicine.

Keywords: DPPH; phenolic compounds; flavonoids; antioxidant; antidiabetic activity; wild olive leaf extract