Research Title: Challenges to Female Engineers’ Employment in the Conservative and Unstable Society of Taiz State, Yemen: A Survey Study

Author: Fahd Mohammed Saleh Al-Duais, Published Year: 2023

Sustainability, 15(20), 14919

Faculty: Business

Abstract: Typically, the underrepresentation of female engineers in education, employment, and leadership is a worldwide social issue. The present study investigates the critical employment challenges and barriers for female engineers in Yemeni’s unstable, conservative, and poor society. The quantitative methodology was based on two constructed questionnaires targeting female engineering graduates from 2012 to 2021 at Taiz University and executive HR managers. The results indicated that the ongoing civil war, employability attributes, personal attitudes, low wages, the conservative society, and marriage–family beliefs are the most apparent barriers to female engineers’ employment in Yemen. Nearly 40% of female engineers are frustrated with not having a job, almost the same percentage stopped seeking a job, and about two-thirds did not register with government employment offices. This study prompts engineering colleges to frequently update their programs to cope with rapid developments and to include employability courses in their curricula. Furthermore, this study advises female engineers to consult experts before enrolling in engineering programs and to practice training and employability skills immediately after graduation. We want to encourage such social studies in Yemen that are concerned with female issues to underpin their participation in society and to make use of unutilized resources.

Keywords: women engineers; gender discrimination; engineering profession; employability skills; workforce

Research Title: Challenges to Female Engineers’ Employment in the Conservative and Unstable Society of Taiz State, Yemen: A Survey Study

Author: Fahd Mohammed Saleh Al-Duais, Published Year: 2023

Sustainability, 15(20), 14919

Faculty: Business

Abstract: Typically, the underrepresentation of female engineers in education, employment, and leadership is a worldwide social issue. The present study investigates the critical employment challenges and barriers for female engineers in Yemeni’s unstable, conservative, and poor society. The quantitative methodology was based on two constructed questionnaires targeting female engineering graduates from 2012 to 2021 at Taiz University and executive HR managers. The results indicated that the ongoing civil war, employability attributes, personal attitudes, low wages, the conservative society, and marriage–family beliefs are the most apparent barriers to female engineers’ employment in Yemen. Nearly 40% of female engineers are frustrated with not having a job, almost the same percentage stopped seeking a job, and about two-thirds did not register with government employment offices. This study prompts engineering colleges to frequently update their programs to cope with rapid developments and to include employability courses in their curricula. Furthermore, this study advises female engineers to consult experts before enrolling in engineering programs and to practice training and employability skills immediately after graduation. We want to encourage such social studies in Yemen that are concerned with female issues to underpin their participation in society and to make use of unutilized resources.

Keywords: women engineers; gender discrimination; engineering profession; employability skills; workforce

Research Title: Development of a Novel, Ecologically Friendly Generation of pH-Responsive Alginate Nanosensors: Synthesis, Calibration, and Characterisation

Author: Mohammad Bayan, Published Year: 2023

Sensors, 23

Faculty: Pharmacy

Abstract: Measurement of the intracellular pH is particularly crucial for the detection of numerous diseases, such as carcinomas, that are characterised by a low intracellular pH. Therefore, pH-responsive nanosensors have been developed by many researchers due to their ability to non-invasively detect minor changes in the pH of many biological systems without causing significant biological damage. However, the existing pH-sensitive nanosensors, such as the polyacrylamide, silica, and quantum dots-based nanosensors, require large quantities of organic solvents that could cause detrimental damage to the ecosystem. As a result, this research is aimed at developing a new generation of pH-responsive nanosensors comprising alginate natural polymers and pH-sensitive fluorophores using an organic, solvent-free, and ecologically friendly method. Herein, we successfully synthesised different models of pH-responsive alginate nanoparticles by varying the method of fluorophore conjugation. The synthesised pH nanosensors demonstrated a low MHD with a relatively acceptable PDI when using the lowest concentration of the cross-linker Ca+2 (1.25 mM). All the pH nanosensors showed negative zeta potential values, attributed to the free carboxylate groups surrounding the nanoparticles’ surfaces, which support the colloidal stability of the nanosensors. The synthesised models of pH nanosensors displayed a high pH-responsiveness with various correlations between the pH measurements and the nanosensors’ fluorescence signal. In summation, pH-responsive alginate nanosensors produced using organic, solvent-free, green technology could be harnessed as potential diagnostics for the intracellular and extracellular pH measurements of various biological systems.

Keywords: pH nanosensors; ecologically friendly; MHDs; PDI; fluorophore conjugation; fluorescence intensity

Research Title: Maxillofacial prosthetics and digital technologies: Cross-sectional study of healthcare service provision, patient attitudes, and opinions

Author: Heba Mohammad Ahmad Hatamlah, Published Year: 2023

Journal of Prosthodontics, Volume 32

Faculty: Business

Abstract: Purpose: Digital technologies are continuously improving the accuracy and quality of maxillofacial prosthetics, but their impact on patients remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the impact of facial prosthetics service provision, patients' perception, and digital technology on prostheses construction. Materials and methods: All patients who presented for evaluation and management of facial defects between January 2021 and December 2021 at the ENT clinic were eligible for study enrollment. Patients requiring prosthetic reconstruction of their missing facial parts were included in the study. Forty-five questionnaires were delivered, inquiring about the patients' prosthetic demographics, prosthesis manufacture using 3D technologies, and their perceptions and attitudes. Results: A total of 37 patients responded (29 males, eight females; mean age 20.50 years). The congenital cause was the highest among other causes (p = 0.001) with auricular defects being the highest (p = 0.001). A total of 38 prostheses were constructed and 17 prostheses were retained by 36 craniofacial implants (p = 0.014). The auricular and orbital implants success rates were 97% and 25%, respectively. The implant locations were digitally planned pre-operatively. Digital 3D technologies of defect capture, data designing, and 3D modeling were used and perceived as helpful and comfortable (p = 0.001). Patients perceived their prosthesis as easy to handle, suited them, and they felt confident with it (p = 0.001). They wore it for more than 12 h daily (p = 0.001). They were not worried that it would be noticed, and found it comfortable and stable during various activities (p = 0.001). Implant-retained prosthesis patients were more satisfied with it, and found it easy to handle and stable (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Congenital defects are the main cause of facial defects in the study country. The overall acceptance of maxillofacial prostheses was good, showing high patient perception and satisfaction. Ocular and implant-retained silicone prostheses are better handled, more stable, and the latter is more satisfying than traditional adhesive prostheses. Digital technologies save time and effort invested in manufacturing facial prostheses.

Keywords: computer-aided design; congenital microtia; ear deformities; implantation; maxillofacial prosthesis; prostheses and implants; prosthesis design; silicones; spectrophotometry; surveys and questionnaires; treatment outcome.

Research Title: Transformational leadership impact on innovative behaviour as perceived by healthcare workers in private hospitals in Jordan

Author: Atef Al-Raoush, Published Year: 2023

Cogent Business & Management, Volume 10 Issue 3

Faculty: Business

Abstract: Because of globalization and the ever-changing nature of businesses, particularly healthcare organizations, leaders need to determine the most effective method for bringing change that will help the organization achieve its objectives. Understanding how to encourage followers to reach organizational goals through leadership techniques adequately has become a concern for the healthcare business. Consequently, the significance of transformational leadership can be observed in bringing about that type of change in any business and understanding how to motivate followers to reach corporate goals effectively. As a result, the main objective of this study is to determine the influence of transformational leadership on healthcare workers' innovative behavior in Jordan's private hospitals as perceived by healthcare workers. This research employs a cross-sectional study design involving a quantitative method of data collection. In total, 412 healthcare workers from Jordanian private hospitals were included in the sample. Using simple linear regression analysis, the research findings revealed a significant transformational leadership impact on healthcare workers' innovative behavior; the findings highlight the importance of hospital leaders adopting a transformational leadership style, which is crucial for motivating healthcare employees to engage in innovative behavior, In addition, Hospital leaders should focus on fostering a workplace that encourages innovation, motivates staff to gain new knowledge and skills and gives them chances to transfer their knowledge and skills into practice.

Keywords: Transformational leadership; Leadership style; Innovative behavior; Private hospitals; Healthcare; Jordan.

Research Title: دعوى عدم نفاذ التصرف وفقًا لأحكام قانون الإعسار الأردني

Author: Noor Saleh Al-Zyoud, Published Year: 2020

مجلة کلية الشريعة والقانون بتفهنا الأشراف-دقهلية, 22-5

Faculty: Law

Abstract: تعد دعوى عدم نفاذ التصرف التي نظم أحکامها قانون الإعسار الجديد ثورة على مفهوم البطلان الذي ظل سائداً ومعمولاً به حتى عهد قريب فقد عرف قانون التجارة البطلان الجوازي والبطلان الوجوبي وحدد فترة الريبة، إلا أن قانون الإعسار قد جاء بأحکام جديدة عرفت بعدم نفاذ التصرفات التي يجريها المدين اضراراً بذمة الإعسار مع التفريق ما بين تصرفات المدين من الضارة ضرراً محضاً بذمة الإعسار إلى تلک التي يتوجب اثبات أنها ضارة بذمة الإعسار ليصار إلى الحکم بعدم نفاذها وانتهاء بالتصرفات التي لا تلحق ضرراً بذمة الإعسار والتي تعد نافذة ، وفي حقيقة الأمر إن التصنيف الذي جاء به المشرع في قانون الإعسار يعد تصنيفاً مستساغاً ومنسجماً مع أحکام عدم نفاذ التصرفات والتي توجّه إلى تعطيل التصرف لجهة نفاذه في مواجهة الآخرين دون التطرق إلى أصل التصرف من کونه صحيحاً من عدمه، بخلاف البطلان الذي کان معمولاً به إبان سريان أحکام الإفلاس المنصوص عليها في قانون التجارة حيث أن البطلان حکم بينما عدم النفاذ حالة تلحق التصرف وإن کان صحيحاً وتجعله غير نافذ وهذا ما استخلصه الباحثان من دراسة أحکام عدم نفاذ التصرف في المواد (33-35) من قانون الإعسار رقم (22) لسنة 2018. وتبقى دراستنا في مجال دعوى عدم نفاذ التصرفات في قانون الإعسار دراسة تعتمد على تحليل النصوص واستخراج الأحکام منها في ظل عدم وجود تطبيقات تناولت تصرفات المدين من حيث عدم نفاذها حتى تاريخ إعداد هذه الدراسة، ونأمل أن تجد النتائج التي خرج بها الباحثان صداها لدى المشرع ذلک أن قانون الإعسار يحتاج إلى نظرة جديدة تعالج الاختلالات التي وردت ضمن أحکامه سيما تعارض نصوصه مع الکثير من القواعد الراسخة في التشريع الأردني.

Keywords: قانون الإعسار، دعوى عدم نفاذ التصرف، المدین، الدائن، ذمة الإعسار.

Research Title: Legal Regulation of Civil Liability for Environmental Damage: How Appropriate are Civil Liability Provisions with the Privacy of Environmental Damage?

Author: Noor Saleh Al-Zyoud, Published Year: 2023

Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, Volume XIV, Issue 5(

Faculty: Law

Abstract: The study analyzes the nature of civil liability resulting from environmental damage, because the risk of environmental pollution is one of the dangers that cannot be counted or predicted. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the legal basis on which it is based in the field of pollution. Traditional wrong-based liability rules do not respond to the tortbased environmental policy objectives in order to avoid environmental damage and ensure effective protection for those affected. This made the provisions of civil liability in the Jordanian Civil Law no longer commensurate with the specificity of environmental damage, especially since the situation requires compensation for damage to the environment itself and to the health and property of individuals. In addition, it is not hidden that there are shortcomings in the provisions of the Jordanian Environment Protection Law No. (6) of 2017. Its provisions included preventive and remedial measures for environmental pollution without considering the issue of compensation for environmental damage in a manner consistent with the nature and specificity of this damage. This requires the development of these rules in a way that commensurate with the nature of environmental damage.

Keywords: pollution; environmental damage; civil liability; compensation; civil law.

Research Title: Settlement of Documentary Credit Disputes under DOCDEX System

Author: Noor Saleh Al-Zyoud, Published Year: 2023

International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, Vol.10 No.3 (2023) P

Faculty: Law

Abstract: This study aims to present the unique product of the International Chamber of Commerce for dispute resolution in the area of trade finance, namely Documentary Instruments Dispute Resolution Expertise (DOCDEX). The ICC Banking Commission, together with ICC International Court of Arbitration, has designed these distinct set of rules for documentary credit issues, specifically adapted to resolve disputes over interpretation and monitoring of documentary credit implementations. The DOCDEX took effect in 1997 and was reviewed with effect from 2002. According to the DOCDEX, the ICC will engage independent experts who will make their decision. This decision will be considered by the ICC Banking Commission’s technical adviser to ensure that it is in line with the other opinions of the ICC. The decision will be made on the basis of the material provided by the parties, including their arguments. The study discusses the functioning of the DOCDEX Rules, how a DOCDEX decision is made and what law is applicable on the system. Moreover, attention is devoted to an exploration of the difference between DOCDEX system and arbitration. Lastly, the study found that the DOCDEX decision is not binding on the parties but can even more likely be used as evidence if the dispute is referred to a court or an arbitration tribunal.

Keywords: Credit Disputes, DOCDEX System.

Research Title: The Moderating Role of Liquidity in the Relationship between the Expenditures and Financial Performance of SMEs: Evidence from Jordan

Author: Qasim Ahmad Alawaqleh, Published Year: 2023

Economies, 11

Faculty: Business

Abstract: Abstract: The current paper aims to investigate the moderating role of liquidity in the relationship between accounting and advertising expenditures and the financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan. Furthermore, the present paper highlights the importance of managing expenditures and improving financial performance. Since the performance of Jordanian SMEs is extremely critical, furthermore, the present paper explores the possibility of empowering these businesses in order to achieve profitability. This paper is based on descriptive statistics, regression, and correlation analysis in order to analyze the data, collecting secondary data from 200 SMEs. The results demonstrate that accounting expenditures are key factors for financial performance, especially in SMEs. Moreover, SMEs are more sensitive to liquidity challenges, which significantly impact their short-term expenditure and consequently influence their financial performance. It is evident that accounting expenditures moderated by liquidity have a positive effect on the financial performance of SMEs. However, our findings indicate a negative effect regarding the relationship between advertising expenditures and financial performance. According to the results of this study, regulators may offer new regulations and legislation in the future to the Ministry of Finance and the Amman Stock Exchange.

Keywords: Keywords: accounting expenditure; advertising expenditure; liquidity; small and medium enterprises (SMEs)

Research Title: The role of artificial intelligence in supply chain analytics during the pandemic

Author: Heba Mohammad Ahmad Hatamlah, Published Year: 2023

Uncertain Supply Chain Management, Volume 11 Issue 3

Faculty: Business

Abstract: The global supply networks have been disrupted and weak connections exposed to an extent that few people have ever seen in their lifetime due to the COVID-19 epidemic. As a result of the severity of the crisis, every country and industry is feeling the effects, and the massive shifts in demand and supply that have happened throughout the epidemic are easily distinguishable from the effects of previous crises. We looked into the adaptability of alliance management and AI-driven supply chain analytics in the context of an ever-changing external environment. We examined four hypotheses in this area using survey data from the American auto components manufacturing industry. To do the analysis, we used Smart PLS. Alliance management capabilities, mediated by AI-powered supply chain analytics capacity, have been found to increase an organization's operational and financial performance. We also discovered, with environmental dynamics as a moderating factor, that alliance management capability has a substantial impact on AI-powered supply chain analytics capabilities. Based on our findings, we have a deep appreciation for the interplay between dynamic capacities and the relational view of organization. Finally, we pointed up the limitations of our study and offered a number of directions for future investigation that might help address some of the concerns that our results raise.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Supply chain analytics, Alliance management, Environmental dynamism, Dynamic capability view