Research Title: The effect of different processing treatments of wheat bran on serum lipids and lipoproteins in Sprague-Dawley rat.

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2005

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different processing treatments in terms of soaking and fermentation of wheat bran on serum lipids and lipoproteins in Sprague-Dawley rats, namely total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high–density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and (HDL-C/LDL-C) ratio. The experimental diets included casein diet (zero-bran), untreated bran diet, soaked bran diet, fermented bran diet, soaked and fermented bran diet, arabic bread diet and pectin diet.The animals were randomly divided into seven groups of six animals each according to body weights. Each group of rats was fed one of the seven prepared diets for 6 weeks. Untreated wheat bran has hypercholesterolemic effect since, it significantly (p<0.05) increased TC, LDL-C and decreased HDL-C values as compared with treated bran diets . The soaking ,fermentaion , and “soaking and fermentation ” processes lowered significantly (p<0.05) the TC levels in comparison with casein diet. In addition, soaking ,fermentaion ,and “soaking and fermentation ” processes lowered LDL-C levels in rat groups fed on those treated bran diets in comparison with casein diet. HDL-C values were significantly (p<0.05) increased by combination of soaking and fermentaion processes corrected to soaked bran and fermented bran diets. Pectin had a similar behviour to treated bran diet in a remarkable decrease of blood TC values in comparison with fiber-free diet. It is concluded that preparation of wheat bran foods by soaking or/and fermentation improve some physiological characteristics of insoluble fibers, including the cholesterol–lowering ability (particularly total cholesterol TC and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C).

Keywords: processing treatments , wheat bran , serum lipids , lipoproteins , Sprague-Dawley rat.

Research Title: CHLOROPHYLL COLOR RETENTION IN GREEN PEPPER PRESERVED IN NATURAL LEMON JUICE

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2016

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: The effect that dipping green pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) in natural lemon juice followed by blanching had on the rate of the pepper chlorophyll color retention was studied. Dipping green pepper in natural lemon juice immediately after blanched with chloride salts of copper, zinc and magnesium decreased the degradation of chlorophyll after 2 weeks of storage by 13.6, 31.7 and 74.3%, respectively. The minimal loss in chlorophyll of green pepper treated with copper chloride is attributed to the rapid chelating of the copper complexes and higher heat and acid stability compared to zinc that improved the green color of blanched peeper during storage. Pepper samples that blanched with different chloride salts of copper, zinc and magnesium (100 ppm) and coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were not significantly (P<0.05) different in chlorophyll content from uncoated samples on any given days.

Keywords: CHLOROPHYLL, COLOR RETENTION , GREEN PEPPER , NATURAL LEMON JUICE

Research Title: Effect of Soaking and Fermentation of Wheat Bran on Weight Gain, Accumulative Food Intake and Food Efficiency Ratio in Rats

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2015

Journal of Agricultural Science, 7:200-207

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different processing treatments in terms of soaking and fermentation of wheat bran on weight gain, accumulative food intake and food efficiency ratio in Sprague- Dawley rats. The experimental diets included casein diet (zero-bran), untreated bran diet, soaked bran diet, fermented bran diet, “soaked and fermented” bran diet and Arabic bread diet. Each group of rats (6/group) was fed one of the six prepared diets for 6 weeks. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the body weight gain among all rat groups, although the rats fed soaked diet tended to have the highest weight gain in comparison with other groups. There was no significant difference in FER among all groups, although, there was a difference between groups in the accumulative food intake. Accumulative food intake (AFI) of the rat group fed soaked bran based-diet was the highest (685.6 ± 17.3 gm) among all groups whereas AFI of the rat group fed “soaked and fermented” bran-based diet was the lowest (550.0 ± 19.1 gm). Rat group fed “soaked and fermented” branbased diet had significantly lower levels (p < 0.05) of AFI than those fed untreated bran diet, soaked bran diet and white bread diet (550.0 ± 19.1, 663.4 ± 16.6, 685.6 ± 17.3 and 629.8 ± 28.4 gm respectively). Accordingly, the AFI of the rat group fed soaked bran diet was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those fed casein and fermented diet (685.6 ± 17.3, 598.4 ± 9.2 and 605.8 ± 25.6 gm respectively). It is concluded that preparation of wheat bran foods by soaking or/and fermentation improve some physiological characteristics of insoluble fibers, including the body weight changes, accumulative food intake and food efficiency ratio for 6 weeks

Keywords: wheat bran, dietary fiber, soaking, fermentation, weight gain, accumulative food intake, food efficiency ratio, sprague-dawley rat

Research Title: ALZHEIMER DISEASE & GENETICS: A MINI REVIEW

Author: Hani Jameel Mohammad Hamad, Published Year: 2015

International Journal of Current Research, 7:23067-23073

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases AD is characterized by adult- onset progressive dementia, beginning with subtle memory failure that becomes more severe and is eventually in capacitating. The most common neuropathological feature of AD is the presence of neurofibrillaryt angles and amyloid deposits that form plaques and cerebro vascular accumulations. A Disdivided into familial and sporadic forms. AD is considered familial when more than one person in a family is affected, while sporadic refers to AD cases when no other cases have been seen in close family members. It has been over 100 years since the first cases of AD were described, and since then much has been discovered about the molecular nature of the disease. The genetic control of complex diseases is becoming more apparent as previously unidentified mutations in the human genome are described. As the genetic control of AD is uncovered, improved therapies may also be uncovered.

Keywords: Alzheimer Disease, Genetics, Genetic mutations, Genetic testing, Symptoms, Risk factors

Research Title: Convergent and criterion-related validity of the short form of the International Physical Activity and the Incidental and Planned Physical Activity Questionnaires in people with multiple sclerosis

Author: Shatha Mofleh Al-Khazaaleh, Published Year: 2021

NeuroRehabilitation,

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Background: Assessing physical activity (PA) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is essential to follow-up the recommended PA level. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire (IPEQ) have been widely used, but their validity has not been investigated previously in PwMS. Objective: This study aimed to assess the convergent and criterion validity of the IPAQ and the IPEQ in PwMS. Methods: 50 PwMS were asked to wear an Actigraph for seven days and to fill the IPAQ and IPEQ. Sedentary, moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) levels were recorded. Results: Significant correlations were found between sitting time as reported by IPAQ and sedentary time as recorded by Actigraph (r = 0.41, p = 0.003), VPA by IPAQ and VPA as recorded by Actigraph (r = 0.46, p = 0.001), and MVPA by IPAQ and MVPA by Actigraph (r = 0.36, p = 0.011). IPEQ showed poor both criterion and convergent validity when compared to the Actigraph. Both IPAQ and IPEQ overestimate the intensities of PA for all the derived parameters. Conclusions: Findings of this study are important as they suggest that IPAQ in particular had convergent validity when compared to Actigraph data, but still had the problem of overestimating PA levels.

Keywords: Actigraph; IPAQ; IPEQ; Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire; International Physical Activity Questionnaire; Physical activity; multiple sclerosis.

Research Title: A Model-Driven Engineering Transition-Based GUI Testing Technique

Author: Omar Fuad AlsheikhSalem, Published Year: 2016

2015 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI), Las Vegas, NV, USA

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Model Driven Engineering (MDE) have arisen as a new software development paradigm which is based on creating a set of models that represent the GUI, afterwards to generate the GUI based on these models using a series of transformations to convert the models between the different levels of abstractions, which enables the automation of the development process. This inspires us to think of a model-based testing technique that is able to test the GUIs that are designed using Model-Driven engineering by finding the proper model that can serve as a testing model. This paper proposes model-based testing technique that is derived from the design models used to develop the GUI in the Model-Driven Engineering paradigm.

Keywords: Testing , Graphical user interfaces , Unified modeling language , Navigation , Heuristic algorithms , Switches

Research Title: d-HMAC Dynamic HMAC function

Author: Firas M.H S Najjar, Published Year: 2006

International Conference on Dependability of Computer Systems,

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: In this paper, we want to enhance the powerful of HMAC function (key-hashed message authentication) to be more resistant against the exhaustive search attack and birthday attack by inventing d-HMAC function (dynamic HMAC function). To achieve our purpose we use dynamic values of ipad and opad. The values of ipad and opad are calculated in dynamic way instead of having fixed strings. The calculation of the values of ipad and opad will depend on the input parameters for HMAC and the input message

Keywords: d-HMAC

Research Title: IPv6 change threats behavior

Author: Firas M.H S Najjar, Published Year: 2015

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 6

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: IPv4 address pool is already exhausted; therefore, the change to use IPv6 is eventually necessary to give us a massive address pool. Although IPv6 was built with security in mind, extensive research must be done before deploying IPv6 to ensure the protection of security and privacy. This paper firstly presents the differences between the old and new IP versions (IPv4 and IPv6), and how these differences will affect the attacks, then the paper will show how the attacks on IPv4 and IPv6 will remain mostly the same; furthermore, the use of IPv6 will give rise to new types of attacks and change other types’ behavior.

Keywords: IPv6 threats

Research Title: Detecting neighbor discovery protocol-based flooding attack using machine learning techniques

Author: Firas M.H S Najjar, Published Year: 2016

Advances in Machine Learning and Signal Processing,

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is stateless and lacks of authentication which exposes it to flooding attacks. Securing NDP is critical due to the large deployment of open network. Commonly existing solutions for securing NDP violate its design principle in terms of overhead and complexity. Other solutions suffer from high false positive alerts which affects solution trustiness. This paper aims to investigate the use of machine learning mechanism for detecting NDP flooding attacks. It was found that the advantage of using machine learning is that the detection can be done without relying on attack signatures they can learn broader definitions of attack attributes.

Keywords: Neighbor discovery protocol anomaly detection , machine learning techniques

Research Title: Neighbor discovery protocol anomaly detection using finite state machine and strict anomaly detection

Author: Firas M.H S Najjar, Published Year: 2015

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is a stateless protocol used by Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) to find hosts and routers in an IPv6 network. Lacking of authentication process makes NDP exposed to various attacks. Securing NDP is a critical task since the large deployment of the Internet is done in public areas such as airports, where no trust between users is existed. Many solutions were proposed to secure the NDP; however, most of them violate the design principle of NDP in terms of complexity and overhead. Hence, further research on NDP is needed in order to identify and model the points that would help improve NDP while reducing complexity. This research uses finite state machines (FSM) and Extended Finite State Machine (EFSM) to model the main mechanisms used by NDP for detecting NDP anomalies based on Strict Anomaly Detection. These models can be used as a network security tool or as research tool to study and investigate the behavior of NDP behavior.

Keywords: Neighbor discovery protocol anomaly detection