Research Title: Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Screening and Molecular Modelling Studies of Novel Thiazoles

Author: Mohammad Jamal Abu Nuwr, Published Year: 2023

ChemistrySelect, 8

Faculty: Pharmacy

Abstract: A library of novel benzamide-thiazolyl-chalcone compounds was synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt reaction and spectroscopically characterized using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC–MS, and HR-MS. The synthesized compounds were biologically evaluated using in vitro MTT assay against different cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-AMB-231, Caco-2, A549, and H1299). Amongst all compounds screened, (E)-N-(5-(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)benzamide and (E)-N-(5-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)benzamide showed potent anti-proliferation against breast (MCF-7) and colon cancer cell lines reaching 88.56 % and 84.36 % with IC50 values of 44.00 μM and 58.88 μM, respectively. All synthesized compounds exhibited no significant cytotoxicity to normal cells. Structure-activity relationship studies demonstrated the effect of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups on the anticancer activity of the molecules under investigation. This was also corroborated by theoretical DFT studies. Thus, these molecules may serve as potential lead candidates for further development of novel anticancer agents against breast and colon cancers.

Keywords: Anti-cancer · Chalcone · DFT · Molecular modelling · Thiazole

Research Title: Secure Protocols in VANETs: Availability Considerations

Author: Maram Bani Younes, Published Year: 2023

The 14th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems, Irbid

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: The vehicular network technology provides several intelligent applications over road networks. These applications are classified into safety, efficiency, and infotainment based on their functionalities. Several studies have been proposed recently in this field where advanced and intelligent applications are developed for connected vehicles. This field of research seeks intensive and dedicated studies to enhance the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the connecting network. In this work, we investigate the availability feature for vehicular network applications. First, we define the denial of service (DoS) attack and its different types. Then, we explore several possible DoS scenarios in the vehicular network environment. After that, we study the previous secure protocols that have generally considered and tackled the DoS attack on the vehicular network. Finally, we remark on the performance and functionalities of previous studies illustrating the main limitations and required work in this field. Thus we recommend future required work and studies in this field.

Keywords: Availability, DoS, VANETs, Applications

Research Title: Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Screening and Molecular Modelling Studies of Novel Thiazoles

Author: Adnan Dahadha, Published Year: 2023

Faculty: Science

Abstract: A library of 25 novel thiazole-chalcone hybrids were designed and synthesized. Anticancer activity was conducted using breast (MCF-7 and MDA-AMB-231), colon (Caco-2) and lung (A549 and H1299) cancer cell lines. Compounds (E)-N-(5-(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)benzamide and (E)-N-(5-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)benzamide showed 88.56 % and 84.36 % inhibition and IC50 values of 44.00 μM, 58.88 μM against MCF-7 cell line, respectively. Compounds (E)-N-(5-(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)benzamide and (E)-N-(5-(3-oxo-3-phenylprop-1-en-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)benzamide exhibited 75.83 % and 72.91 % inhibition against MDA-AMB-231 cell line.

Keywords: Anticancer activity, Thiazoles

Research Title: Building Trust in Fintech: An Analysis of Ethical and Privacy Considerations in the Intersection of Big Data, AI, and Customer Trust

Author: Hassan Hamad Aldboush, Published Year: 2023

International Journal o f Financial Studies, 11: 90.

Faculty: Business

Abstract: Abstract: This research paper explores the ethical considerations in using financial technology (fintech), focusing on big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and privacy. Using a systematic literature review methodology, the study identifies ethical and privacy issues related to fintech, including bias, discrimination, privacy, transparency, justice, ownership, and control. The findings emphasize the importance of safeguarding customer data, complying with data protection laws, and promoting corporate digital responsibility. The study provides practical suggestions for companies, including the use of encryption techniques, transparency regarding data collection and usage, the provision of customer opt-out options, and the training of staff on data-protection policies. However, the study is limited by its exclusion of non-English-language studies and the need for additional resources to deepen the findings. To overcome these limitations, future research could expand existing knowledge and collect more comprehensive data to better understand the complex issues examined.

Keywords: Keywords: fintech; big-data analytics; artificial intelligence (AI); data security and privacy; corporate digital responsibility (CDR); customer trust; ethical considerations

Research Title: Towards Automated Goal Model Generation from UML Use Case and Swimlane Diagrams

Author: Said Ahmad Ammar Ghoul, Published Year: 2023

International Journal Computer Aapplications, , Vol. 30, No. 2,

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: The Goal Model of software is one of the important concepts in the goal-based requirements engineering. It helps in specifying the software goals and the relationships between them. Several research works were conducted to generate Goal Model of software from its requirements documents. However, the generated Goal Models merge behavior and soft goals into a single model unit. This merging leads to tangled and complex generated Goal Models. Therefore, the maintenance of these models is hard and costly. The work presented in this paper proposes an approach splitting the generated Goal Model into three separated concerns (aspects) models (behavior, soft, and constraints) that facilitate its evolution and maintenance. The proposed approach is semi-automated, taking UML use case and Swimlane diagrams as inputs and generating a separated aspects model GM as output. The separation of Goal Model aspects led to adding new required information in input requirements specification documents. The feasibility of the proposed approach was validated on a concrete business case (Philadelphia University Quality Assurance Agenda). Its implementation was demonstrated through processes programming with algorithms and UML. Its contribution was demonstrated through its comparison with similar works. According to the observed results, this approach could be valuable in any goal-oriented requirements engineering application.

Keywords: Goal model (GM), behavior goal, soft goal, unified modeling language (UML), UML use case diagram, UML swim lane diagram, goal model generation, goal model maintenance, separation of concerns, aspects programming

Research Title: Toward Automated Feature Model Generation from UML Use Case and Class Diagrams

Author: Said Ahmad Ammar Ghoul, Published Year: 2023

International Journal Computer Aapplications, , Vol. 30, No. 2,

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: The Feature Model is one of the most important concepts in the Software Product Line development process, as it helps to represent commonalities and variabilities between software products. Several research works are currently conducted to generate feature model of a software product line from its requirements document. However, the generated feature models do not include data and actor aspects which are essential parts of any software product line. The work presented in this paper proposes an approach handling this insufficiency. This approach defines a methodology toward automated feature model generation from requirement documents limited to Unified Modelling Language use case and class diagrams. The use case is specified with a use case description template enhanced with information required for feature model. The class diagram is specified in a textual form obtained by translating the diagram into java programming language. The target generated feature model is enhanced by the introduction of data and actor concepts. An evaluating real case study (quality assurance at Philadelphia University), was used to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed approach and obtained results show its practical benefits.

Keywords: Feature model (FM), software production line (SPL), unified modelling language (UML) use case, UML class diagram, feature model generation approach

Research Title: BLIND COLOR USER INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS: A UML SPECIFICATION

Author: Said Ahmad Ammar Ghoul, Published Year: 2023

AIP, 2979, Issue 1

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: Color blindness, or color vision deficiency, is an inability to see the difference between certain colors. Men are more likely to be born with color blindness. Most people with color blindness can't distinguish between certain shades of red and green. Less commonly, people with color blindness can't distinguish between shades of blue and yellow. For that it’s a significant barrier to effective computer use. Several research works dealing with blind color user interfaces are currently conducted. However, requirements engineering for such interfaces is still missing. The work presented in this paper is part of an automated blind color user interface generation project which explores suitable input requirements document notations, simplifies the generating process, and outputs generated color blind user interface. It aims to define functional and nonfunctional requirements for powerful color blind user interface and their UML specification. Thus, different recent techniques that deal with these interfaces are selected according to their relevance and up to date, then they are analyzed, the lack of requirements engineering for these interface was stated, and a solution is proposed. It consists of requirements elicitation and specification with UML notations. A case study evaluating the proposed approach is presented. The obtained results confirm the power and positive impact of such requirements engineering on researches in this domain.

Keywords: color vision deficiency (CVD), color blindness requirements, color blindness user interface

Research Title: Automatically generated goal models from requirements: Toward an enhanced formalism.

Author: Said Ahmad Ammar Ghoul, Published Year: 2023

AIP , issue , 2979, Issue 1

Faculty: Information Technology

Abstract: The Goal Model (GM) of software is one of the important concepts in the software requirements specification, as it helps in representing the software goals and the relationships between them. Several research works were conducted to generate GM of software from its requirements document. However, the generated GMs merge behavior and soft goals aspects. This merging leaded to tangled and complex generated GMs that are difficult to maintain. The work presented in this paper proposes a GM formalism handling this insufficiency. It is part of an automated GM generating project where it focuses on the target GM. Thus, in this work, different recent techniques that automatically generate GMs are analyzed, their merging, tangling, and complexity of maintenance were stated, and a GM formalism facing these challenges is proposed. It separates goals clearly into behavior goals, soft goals, and constraints aspects. An evaluating case study, which is a partial concrete and real word domain requirements specification, is presented. This separation of concerns leaded to valuable results: complexity reduction, improvement of the understandability, simplicity of maintenance, and raising up the expressiveness power.

Keywords: Goal Model (GM), Behavior goal, Soft goal, Requirement specification, Automated goal model generation, Aspect separation, maintenance

Research Title: pH-responsive LBL coated silica nanocarriers for controlled release of chlorhexidine

Author: Yazan Mohammad Al-Thaher, Published Year: 2023

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects , 132671

Faculty: Pharmacy

Abstract: As resistant microbial strains continue to appear, antibiotic-based therapies become less effective. Hence, development of non-antibiotic antimicrobial delivery systems, such as those containing chlorhexidine, is urgently needed for the prevention and treatment of infections. For many biological applications as well as for efficient therapy, controlling the release kinetics of these antimicrobials is crucial. In this study, chlorhexidine was loaded into silica nanoparticles via layer-by-layer (LbL) coating technique. Different polyelectrolytes including polyacrylic acid (PAA), poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS) were utilized in LbL coatings. Three types of coatings were studied: (1) PSS and PDDA (2) PAA and PAH (3) PSS and PAH. Zeta potential, transmission electron microscope, and a thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the nanoparticles. Acetate buffer pH 5 and PBS pH 7.4 were used as release media to assess the chlorhexidine release from nanoparticles. The chlorhexidine LbL-coated nanoparticles were effective in extending the duration of the medication release to 40 days. Chlorhexidine release was affected by pH of the release media and type of LbL coating, with a greater release at pH 5. PAA and PAH LbL coating had the highest amount of chlorhexidine release. This work illustrates that the LbL coating is an efficient technique for controlling the release of chlorhexidine from silica nanocarriers, with PAA and PAH coat

Keywords: Silica, Nanoparticles, Layer-by-layer, Chlorhexidine, PAH, PAA, PDDA,PSS

Research Title: Influence of Six Weeks Eye Exercise Program on the Severity of Digital Eye Strain Among Primary School Students.

Author: Zaher Qassim Al-Bashabsheh, Published Year: 2023

Innovations,

Faculty: Allied Medical Sciences

Abstract: Literature suggest that treatment of digital eye strain (DES) prescribed by health professionals is not highly effective in reducing the symptoms of it. This demands an additional management to be prescribed along with the current treatment for DES. Exercise is one of the potential emerging additional strategies in the conservative management of DES. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the influence of eye exercise (EE)among primary school students with DES. Methodology: A Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q) score of 6 was used to identify the subjects with DES, followed by ophthalmologist examination. Then, the subjects were allocated into two groups. Group A (n = 15) received conventional therapy (CT) (artificial tears and the 20-20-20 rule) and EE (pencil push-ups, eye-rolling, and palming). Group B (n = 11) received CT. Both groups underwent treatment for a period of six weeks. Before and after treatment, CVS-Q was administered to all participants. Treatment outcome was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Findings: The results revealedtatistical significance within group A (p = 0.001), and across groups (p = 0.006), and statistical non-significant within group B (p = 0.104).These results suggest that exercise is beneficial in lessening the severity of DES among school students. Conclusion: The EE may be prescribed along with the CT to reduce the severity of DES among primary school students.

Keywords: Digital eye strain, eye exercise, computer vision syndrome, primary school students, severity of eye strain